Linux/ubuntu:如何更改apt-get源
August 2, 2017
当ubuntu系统默认的官方更新源下载速度慢或者宕机的情况下，我们需要更改到其它的第三方软件包更新源，比如163，阿里云等。
本文将会讲述如何在ubuntu系统下，更改默认的ubuntu官方源到aliyun 上。
方法一：在图形界面下，打开“软件包管理中心”，在“软件源” 中选择”中国的服务器“下的”mirros.aliyun.com“, 系统会自动根据ubuntu的不同版本来选择软件源。
方法二：针对ubuntu 服务器版的系统 或者没有安装GUI的ubuntu 系统，可以通过更改配置文件的方法来实现。
1# 备份/etc/apt/sources.list 文件， 输入下面的命令：
cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
2# 使用vi 编辑器打开 /etc/apt/sources.list 文件，删除所有的旧的软件源或者将下面相应的条目添加到文件的最前面：
根据你当前的ubuntu版本，来选择相应的条目：
xenial (16.04)
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
wily (15.10)
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ wily main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ wily-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ wily-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ wily-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ wily-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ wily main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ wily-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ wily-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ wily-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ wily-backports main restricted universe multiverse
vivid (15.04)
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
trusty(14.04)
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
Quantal(12.10)
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ quantal main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ quantal-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ quantal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ quantal-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ quantal main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ quantal-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ quantal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ quantal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
Precise(12.04)
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
Oneiric(11.10)
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiverse
Natty(11.04)
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ natty main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ natty-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ natty-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ natty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ natty-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ natty main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ natty-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ natty-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ natty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ natty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
3# 保存退出后，执行apt-get update 命令来检测是否能够正常更新软件包。
$ sudo apt-get update