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Linux:SUSE Linux – Zypper 命令示例

Zypper是SUSE Linux中用于安装,升级,卸载,管理仓库、进行各种包查询的命令行接口。本篇将会讨论zypper的几个不同命令的例子。

Linux:SUSE Linux – Zypper 命令示例
Linux:SUSE Linux – Zypper 命令示例

语法:

# zypper [--global-opts]  [--command-opts] [command-arguments]

中括号中的部分可以不需要。执行zypper最简单的方法是输入 zypper 及

例子1:列出可用的全局选项和命令

打开终端,输入zypper并按回车,它会显示所有可用的全局选项和命令。

linux-xa3t:~ # zypper

例子2:获得zypper的某个命令的帮助

语法: zypper help [command]

linux-xa3t:~ # zypper help remove
remove (rm) [options]  ...
Remove packages with specified capabilities.
A capability is NAME[.ARCH][OP], where OP is one of <, <=, =, >=, >.
Command options:
-r, --repo  Load only the specified repository.
-t, --type  Type of package (package, patch, pattern, product).
 Default: package.
-n, --name Select packages by plain name, not by capability.
-C, --capability Select packages by capability.
--debug-solver Create solver test case for debugging.
-R, --no-force-resolution Do not force the solver to find solution,let it ask.
--force-resolution Force the solver to find a solution (even an aggressive one).
-u, --clean-deps Automatically remove unneeded dependencies.
-U, --no-clean-deps No automatic removal of unneeded dependencies.
-D, --dry-run Test the removal, do not actually remove.

例子3:打开zypper shell/会话

linux-xa3t:~ # zypper sh
zypper>

linux-xa3t:~ # zypper shell
zypper>

例子4:列出已定义的仓库

linux-xa3t:~ # zypper repos
Linux:SUSE Linux – Zypper 命令示例
Linux:SUSE Linux – Zypper 命令示例

linux-xa3t:~ # zypper lr

4.1) 以表格的形式列出仓库的URI

Linux:SUSE Linux – Zypper 命令示例
Linux:SUSE Linux – Zypper 命令示例

4.2) 以优先级列出仓库

linux-xa3t:~ # zypper lr -p
Linux:SUSE Linux – Zypper 命令示例
Linux:SUSE Linux – Zypper 命令示例

例子5:刷新仓库

linux-xa3t:~ # zypper ref
Repository 'openSUSE-13.1-Non-Oss' is up to date.
Repository 'openSUSE-13.1-Oss' is up to date.
Repository 'openSUSE-13.1-Update' is up to date.
Repository 'openSUSE-13.1-Update-Non-Oss' is up to date.
All repositories have been refreshed.

例子6:修改zypper仓库

zypper仓库可以通过别名、数字或者URI或者通过‘–all、 –remote、 –local、 –medium-type’这些选项修改。

linux-xa3t:~ # zypper mr -d 6 #禁用6号仓库 linux-xa3t:~ # zypper mr -rk -p 70 upd #启用自动书信并为‘upd’仓库设置rpm文件‘缓存’,且设置它的优先级为70 linux-xa3t:~ # zypper mr -Ka #为所有的仓库禁用rpm文件缓存 linux-xa3t:~ # zypper mr -kt #为远程仓库设置rpm文件缓存

例子7:添加仓库

语法: zypper addrepo 或者 zypper ar <仓库的URL或者别名>

linux-xa3t:~ # zypper ar http://download.opensuse.org/update/13.1/ update
Adding repository 'update' .............................................[done]
Repository 'update' successfully added
Enabled: Yes
Autorefresh: No
GPG check: Yes
URI: http://download.opensuse.org/update/13.1/

例子8:移除仓库

语法: zypper removerepo <仓库名> <别名>

或者

zypper rr <仓库名> <别名>

linux-xa3t:~ # zypper rr openSUSE-13.1-1.10 openSUSE-13.1-1.10
Removing repository 'openSUSE-13.1-1.10' ............................[done]
Repository 'openSUSE-13.1-1.10' has been removed.

来源:https://linux.cn/article-4193-1.html

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